বন্ধুত্ব: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য

 

 

 

==উন্নয়নমূলক মনোবিজ্ঞানে বন্ধুত্ব==

 

 

 

 

 

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Numerous studies with adults suggest that friendships and other supportive relationships do enhance self-esteem.[9] Other potential benefits of friendship include the opportunity to learn about empathy and problem solving.[10] Coaching from parents can be useful in helping children to make friends. Eileen Kennedy-Moore describes three key ingredients of children's friendship formation: (1) openness, (2) similarity, and (3) shared fun.[11][12][13] Parents can also help children understand social guidelines they haven't learned on their own.[14] Drawing from research by Robert Selman[15] and others, Kennedy-Moore outlines developmental stages in children's friendship, reflecting an increasing capacity to understand others' perspectives: "I Want It My Way", "What's In It For Me?", "By the Rules", "Caring and Sharing", and "Friends Through Thick and Thin."[16]

A study conducted by Krista McLennan, a doctoral student at Northampton University, investigated friendship in cows. McLennan measured the heart rates of cattle on three separate occasions to determine their stress levels. In the first trial, the cows were isolated from the rest of their herd. The second trial penned the animal with another cow that they were familiar with. Finally, the third trial put two random cows together. Her research showed that the cows were much more stressed when alone or with an unfamiliar cow than they were with one of their friends. This supports the idea that cows are social animals, capable of forming close bonds with each other. McLennan suggests that if farmers group friends together, it could benefit the cows by reducing their stress, improving their overall health and even producing a greater milk yield.[58]

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