সমাজকর্ম: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য
বিষয়বস্তু বিয়োগ হয়েছে বিষয়বস্তু যোগ হয়েছে
সম্পাদনা সারাংশ নেই ট্যাগ: মোবাইল সম্পাদনা মোবাইল ওয়েব সম্পাদনা উচ্চতর মোবাইল সম্পাদনা |
ট্যাগ: মোবাইল সম্পাদনা মোবাইল ওয়েব সম্পাদনা উচ্চতর মোবাইল সম্পাদনা |
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৮ নং লাইন:
সমাজকর্ম অভিধানের ব্যাখ্যানুযায়ী,"সমাজকর্ম একটি ব্যবহারিক বিজ্ঞান যা মানুষকে মনো-সামাজিক ভূমিকা পালন ক্ষমতার একটি কার্যকর পর্যায়ে উপনীত হতে সাহায্য করে এবং মানুষের কল্যাণকে শক্তিশালীকরণে কার্যকর সামাজিক পরিবর্তন আনয়ন করে।"
==ইতিহাস==
{{মূল|সমাজকর্মের ইতিহাস}}
[[File:London-slum-1880s.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Victorian photograph of the exterior of a London slum property|A [[Marylebone]] slum in the 19th century]]
সামাজকর্মের অনুশীলন এবং পেশা একটি অপেক্ষাকৃত আধুনিক এবং বৈজ্ঞানিক মূল,<ref name="BoiseStateI">{{cite web|last = Huff |first = Dan |title = Chapter I. Scientific Philanthropy (1860–1900) |work =The Social Work History Station |publisher = [[Boise State University]] |url =http://www.boisestate.edu/socwork/dhuff/history/chapts/1-1.htm|accessdate = February 20, 2008}}</ref> এবং সাধারণত সমাজকর্ম তিনটি তীরভূমি থেকে তৈরি করা হয়েছে বলে মনে করা হয়। The first was individual casework, a strategy pioneered by the [[Charity Organization Society]] in the mid-19th century, which was founded by [[Helen Bosanquet]] and [[Octavia Hill]] in London, England.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.family-action.org.uk/section.aspx?id=1155|title=1800s|work=Family Action: About Us|accessdate=November 17, 2010|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718211919/http://www.family-action.org.uk/section.aspx?id=1155|archivedate=July 18, 2011}}</ref> Most historians identify COS as the pioneering organization of the [[social theory]] that led to the emergence of social work as a professional occupation.<ref name="Lymbery" /> COS had its main focus on individual casework. The second was social administration, which included various forms of poverty relief – 'relief of paupers'. Statewide poverty relief could be said to have its roots in the English [[Poor Laws]] of the 17th century, but was first systematized through the efforts of the Charity Organization Society. The third consisted of social action – rather than engaging in the resolution of immediate individual requirements, the emphasis was placed on political action working through the community and the group to improve their social conditions and thereby [[poverty reduction|alleviate poverty]]. This approach was developed originally by the [[Settlement movement|Settlement House Movement]].<ref name="Lymbery">{{cite web|url=http://www.uk.sagepub.com/upm-data/9812_039472ch02.pdf|author=Lymbery|title=The History and Development of Social Work}}</ref>
This was accompanied by a less easily defined movement; the development of institutions to deal with the entire range of social problems. All had their most rapid growth during the nineteenth century, and laid the foundation basis for modern social work, both in theory and in practice.<ref name="Popple, Philip R 2011">Popple, Philip R. and Leighninger, Leslie. Social Work, Social Welfare, American Society. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 2011. Print.</ref>
Professional social work originated in [[History of England#Modern England, 18th–19th centuries|19th century England]], and had its roots in the social and economic upheaval wrought by the [[Industrial Revolution]], in particular the societal struggle to deal with the resultant mass urban-based [[poverty]] and its related problems. Because poverty was the main focus of early social work, it was intricately linked with the idea of [[charity (practice)|charity]] work.<ref name="Popple, Philip R 2011" />
Other important historical figures that shaped the growth of the social work profession are [[Jane Addams]], who founded the [[Hull House]] in Chicago and won the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 1931; [[Mary Richmond|Mary Ellen Richmond]], who wrote Social Diagnosis, one of the first social work books to incorporate law, medicine, psychiatry, psychology, and history; and [[William Beveridge]], who created the social welfare state, framing the debate on social work within the context of social welfare prevision.
=তথ্যসূত্র=
{{সূত্র তালিকা}}
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