ইহুদি: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য

{{Infobox ethnic group

''13.74 million'' (core Jewish population) according to:

*{{ওয়েব উদ্ধৃতি |ইউআরএল=http://www.jewishdatabank.org/Studies/downloadFile.cfm?FileID=2941 |শিরোনাম=World Jewish Population, 2012 |প্রথমাংশ=Sergio |শেষাংশ=DellaPergola |লেখক-সংযোগ=Sergio DellaPergola |সম্পাদক১-প্রথমাংশ=Arnold |সম্পাদক১-শেষাংশ=Dashefsky |সম্পাদক১-সংযোগ=Arnold Dashefsky |সম্পাদক২-প্রথমাংশ=Ira |সম্পাদক২-শেষাংশ=Sheskin |তারিখ=November 2, 2012 |কর্ম=Current Jewish Population Reports |প্রকাশক=North American Jewish Data Bank |অবস্থান=[[Storrs, Connecticut]] |বিন্যাস=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]] |সংগ্রহের-তারিখ=September 21, 2013}}</ref>

*{{সাময়িকী উদ্ধৃতি|শিরোনাম=American Jewish Population Estimates: 2012|সাময়িকী=[[Brandeis University]] - Steinhardt Social Research Institute|পাতা=page 7 (Executive Summary&nbsp;— Key Findings)|ইউআরএল=http://www.brandeis.edu/ssri/pdfs/AmJewishPopEst2012.pdf|সংগ্রহের-তারিখ=21 October 2013}}</ref>

'''ঐতিহাসিক ভাষা:'''<br />{{Hlist|[[য়িদ্দিশ ভাষা|ইদ্দিশ]]|যিহূদীয়-স্পেনীয়|যিহূদীয়-আরবি|অন্যান্য}}

'''পবিত্র ভাষা:'''<br />{{Hlist|বাইবেলীয় ইব্রীয়|[[আরামীয় ভাষা|আরামীয়]]}}

}}

'''ইহুদি''' বা '''যিহূদী'''<ref>[[বাইবেলীয় নামের তালিকা|বাইবেলীয় বানানরীতি]]</ref> ({{lang-he|יְהוּדִים}}, {{transl|he|''Yehudim''}}; {{lang-ar|اليهود|al-Yahūd}}) হল ঐতিহাসিক [[ইস্রায়েল ও যিহূদা যুক্তরাজ্য|ইস্রায়েল ও যিহূদা]] রাজ্যের [[ইস্রায়েলীয়]]<ref name="Scheindlin1998">{{cite book|author=Raymond P. Scheindlin|title=A Short History of the Jewish People: From Legendary Times to Modern Statehood|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bfsuicMmrE0C&pg=PA1|year=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-513941-9|pages=1–}} Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites"</ref><ref name="Incorporated2009">{{cite book|author=Facts On File, Incorporated|title=Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=stl97FdyRswC&pg=PA337|year=2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-2676-0|pages=337–}}"The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history"</ref><ref name="MD2012">{{cite book|author=Harry Ostrer MD|title=Legacy: A Genetic History of the Jewish People|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RayZR3V1SFwC&pg=PT26|year=2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-997638-6|pages=26–}}</ref> ও [[ইব্রীয়]]দের<ref>"In the broader sense of the term, a Jew is any person belonging to the worldwide group that constitutes, through descent or conversion, a continuation of the ancient Jewish people, who were themselves descendants of the Hebrews of the Old Testament." [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/303358/Jew Jew] at [http://www.britannica.com/ Encyclopædia Britannica]</ref><ref>"Hebrew, any member of an ancient northern Semitic people that were the ancestors of the Jews." [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/259033/Hebrew Hebrew (People)] at [http://www.britannica.com/ Encyclopædia Britannica]</ref> থেকে উদ্ভূত একটি নৃধর্মীয় গোষ্ঠী<ref name="Jews-are-ethnoreligious-group"/> এবং একটি [[জাতি]]।<ref name="Nicholson2002"/><ref name="Dowty1998"/> ইহুদি জাতিসত্তা, জাতীয়তা ও ধর্ম দৃঢ়ভাবে আন্তঃসম্পর্কিত।<ref name="Lederhendler2001">{{cite book|author=Eli Lederhendler|title=Studies in Contemporary Jewry: Volume XVII: Who Owns Judaism? Public Religion and Private Faith in America and Israel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1wvahJv83AgC&pg=PA101|year=2001|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-534896-5|pages=101–}} "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) law and the study of ancient religious texts"</ref><ref name="Yee2005">{{cite book|author=Tet-Lim N. Yee|title=Jews, Gentiles and Ethnic Reconciliation: Paul's Jewish identity and Ephesians|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x4OwXhMOn5cC&pg=PA102|year= 2005|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-44411-8|pages=102–}} "This identification in the Jewish attitude between the ethnic group and religious identity is so close that the reception into this religion of members not belonging to its ethnic group has become impossible."</ref> কারণ হলো, [[ইহুদিধর্ম]] হলো ইহুদিদের জাতিগত ধর্ম। যদিও ধর্মকর্ম পালনের ক্ষেত্রে কঠোর নিয়মানুবর্তিতা থেকে নিয়মহীনতার মত ভিন্নতা পরিলক্ষিত হয়।<ref name="KrauszTulea">{{cite book|author1=Ernest Krausz|author2=Gitta Tulea|title=Jewish Survival: The Identity Problem at the Close of the Twentieth Century; &#91;... International Workshop at Bar-Ilan University on the 18th and 19th of March, 1997&#93;|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dnxv-Mlz0JIC&pg=PA90|publisher=Transaction Publishers|year=1997|isbn=978-1-4128-2689-1|pages=90–}} "A person born Jewish who refutes Judaism may continue to assert a Jewish identity, and if he or she does not convert to another religion, even religious Jews will recognize the person as a Jew"</ref><ref name= Pew>{{cite web |url=https://www.pewforum.org/2013/10/01/jewish-american-beliefs-attitudes-culture-survey/ |title=A Portrait of Jewish Americans |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=October 1, 2013 |website=Pew Research Center |quote=But the survey also suggests that Jewish identity is changing in America, where one-in-five Jews (22%) now describe themselves as having no religion.}}</ref>