জেরারডাস মারকেটর: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য
বিষয়বস্তু বিয়োগ হয়েছে বিষয়বস্তু যোগ হয়েছে
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২০ নং লাইন:
'''জেরারডাস মারকেটর''' ({{IPAc-en|dʒ|ɪ|ˈ|r|ɑːr|d|ə|s|_|m|ɜr|ˈ|k|eɪ|t|ər}};{{efn|name=dictionary.com}}{{efn|name=pronumciation1}}{{efn|name=pronumciation2}} ৫ মার্চ ১৫১২ - ২ ডিসেম্বর ১৫৯৪){{efn|name=birthdeathdates}} ছিলেন একজন জার্মান-নেদারল্যান্ডিশ [[ভূগোলবিদ]], [[মানচিত্রাঙ্কনবিদ]] ও [[জ্যোতির্বিদ]]। তার অঙ্কিত মানচিত্র অভিক্ষেপ পদ্ধতিটি বিশ্বব্যাপী বহুলভাবে প্রচলিত; <ref>[[Mark Monmonier|Monmonier, Mark]]: ''Rhumb Lines and Map Wars: A Social History of the [[Mercator Projection]]''. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004)</ref><ref name="Krogt2015">Van der Krogt, Peter (2015), 'Chapter 6: Gerhard Mercator and his Cosmography: How the 'Atlas' became an Atlas,'; in: Gerhard Holzer, et al. (eds.), ''A World of Innovation: Cartography in the Time of Gerhard Mercator''. (Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2015), pp. 112–130</ref> এটি "মারকেটরের অভিক্ষেপ" নামে পরিচিত।
== নোট ==
{{Notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=pronumciation1|Local [[New Latin#Pronunciation|New Latin]] pronunciation: {{IPA|/ɣɛˈrardʊs/}} or {{IPA|/gɛˈrardʊs ˈmɛrkatɔr/}}.}}{{efn|name=pronumciation2|In English speaking countries Gerardus is usually anglicized as Gerard with a soft initial letter (as in 'giant') but in other European countries the spelling and pronunciation vary: for example Gérard (soft 'g') in France but Gerhard (hard 'g') in Germany. In English the second syllable of Mercator is stressed and sounds as ''Kate'': in other countries that syllable is sounded as 'cat' and the stress moves to the third syllable.}}{{efn|name=birthdeathdates|Mercator's birth and death dates are given in ''Vita Mercatoris'' (The life of Mercator) by his friend and first biographer Walter Ghim. This was published in the preface to the Atlas of 1595. A translation is given in {{harvtxt|Sullivan|2000}}, pages 7–24 of the atlas text, pdf pages 77–94}}
{{efn| name=UniStat|The university statutes stated explicitly that to disbelieve the teaching of Aristotle was heretical and would be punished by expulsion. See {{harvnb|Crane|2003|loc= Chapter 4|pp=46–47}} }}
{{efn|name=sales|Mercator's workshops produced items such as globes in a steady stream. The records of the [[Plantin Press]] show that they received 1150 maps and globes from Mercator over a thirty year period ({{harvnb|Clair|1971}}; {{harvnb|Voets|1962|pp=171–232}}; {{harvnb|Imhof|2012|pp=103–114}}): in particular they sold 185 copies of the 1569 world map in three years. At the same time Mercator was selling items at the regular international [[Frankfurt Book Fair]] and selling direct from his own workshop.}}
{{efn|name=www.wilhelmkruecken.de|A speculative [http://www.wilhelmkruecken.de/LebenWerk/LW_DuisA.htm#Paradigmenwechsel model of the double globe] was constructed by Wilhelm Kruecken for the Duisburg commemorations of the 400th anniversary of Mercator's death.}}
{{efn|name=dictionary.com|[http://www.dictionary.com/browse/mercator "Mercator"] at ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary|Webster's
Dictionary]]''}}
{{efn|name=MathGenealogy|{{MathGenealogy|id=119164|title=Mercator}}}}
{{efn|name=wikt|[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/atlas Wiktionary definition of atlas]}}
{{efn|name=doodle|{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/doodles/gerardus-mercators-503rd-birthday|title=Mercator's Google doodle }}}}
{{efn|name=Chronologia|In the two online copies of the Chronologia listed under {{harvnb|Mercator|1569}} the first includes a mention of Luther for the year 1516 (bottom left), {{cite web |url=http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/~db/bsb00001232/images/index.html?id=00001232&groesser=&fip=qrsxdsydsdaswfsdreayaxdsydsdas&no=6&seite=226 |title=Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}} In the second the paragraph has been obliterated {{cite web |url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=ucm.532025807x;view=1up;seq=454 |title=Hathi Trust}}
}}}}
== তথ্যসূত্র ==
{{সূত্র তালিকা}}
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