ব্যবহারকারী:প্রলয়স্রোত/খেলাঘর: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য
বিষয়বস্তু বিয়োগ হয়েছে বিষয়বস্তু যোগ হয়েছে
প্রলয়স্রোত (আলোচনা | অবদান) ট্যাগ: মোবাইল সম্পাদনা মোবাইল ওয়েব সম্পাদনা উচ্চতর মোবাইল সম্পাদনা |
প্রলয়স্রোত (আলোচনা | অবদান) সম্পাদনা সারাংশ নেই ট্যাগ: মোবাইল সম্পাদনা মোবাইল ওয়েব সম্পাদনা উচ্চতর মোবাইল সম্পাদনা |
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১ নং লাইন:
==বোগাজিসি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়==
{{Infobox civil conflict
| title = বোগাজিসি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ে বিক্ষোভ ২০২১
| image = Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Eylem 3.jpg
| caption =
| date = 4 January 2021 – present ({{Age in years, months, weeks and days |2021|01|04}})
| place = [[Boğaziçi University]], [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]]
| causes = Appointment of [[Melih Bulu]] as [[Rector (academia)|rector]] of [[Boğaziçi University]]
| goals =
* Resignation of Melih Bulu
* Election of rectors by the university
* Preservation of academic freedom and scientific autonomy
| methods = Demonstrations
| status =Ongoing
| result =
| side1 =
* '''Students'''
** Boğaziçi University students
** [[Istanbul Technical University|ITU]] students
** [[Yıldız Technical University|YTU]] students<ref name="dayanisma">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/yildiz-teknik-odtu-ve-galatasaray-universitesi-ogrencilerinden-melih-bulu-tepkisi-1803379|title=Yıldız Teknik, ODTÜ ve Galatasaray Üniversitesi öğrencilerinden 'Melih Bulu' tepkisi|website=www.cumhuriyet.com.tr}}</ref>
** [[Hacettepe University]] students<ref name="Cumhuriyet">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/ankarada-bogazici-eylemine-mudahale-30-gozalti-1804638|title=Ankara’da Boğaziçi eylemine müdahale: 30 gözaltı|website=www.cumhuriyet.com.tr}}</ref>
** [[Middle East Technical University|METU]] students<ref name="dayanisma" />
** [[Galatasaray University]] students<ref name="dayanisma" />
** [[Turkish-German University]] students<ref name="Ileri Haber">{{Cite web|url=https://ilerihaber.org/icerik/bakanligin-onayladigi-beykozdaki-talan-planina-yurttaslardan-tepki-derhal-iptal-edilsin-122749.html|title=Bakanlığın onayladığı Beykoz’daki talan planına yurttaşlardan tepki: ‘Derhal iptal edilsin’
|website=https://ilerihaber.org/}}</ref>
* '''Academics'''
** Boğaziçi University academics<ref name="Duvar English">{{Cite web|url=https://www.duvarenglish.com/bogazici-university-academics-protest-erdogans-rector-appointment-as-police-flood-campus-news-55736|title=Boğaziçi University academics protest Erdoğan's rector appointment as police flood campus
|website=www.duvarenglish.com/}}</ref>
**METU academics<ref name="Duvar">{{Cite web|url=https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/amp/odtulu-akademisyenlerden-bogazicine-destek-turkiyenin-sorunu-haber-1512458|title=ODTÜ'lü Akademisyenlerden Boğaziçi'ne Destek|website=www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/}}</ref>
| side2 =
* {{flagicon|Turkey}} '''[[Government of Turkey]]'''
** [[Law enforcement in Turkey|Istanbul Police]]
** [[Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)|Ministry of the Interior]]
| leadfigures1 = None
| leadfigures2 = {{Plainlist|
* [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]]
* [[Melih Bulu]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.haberturk.com/bogazici-universitesi-rektoru-melih-bulu-protesto-edildi-2925913|title=Boğaziçi'nde rektör protestosu|website=www.haberturk.com}}</ref>
}}
| detentions = 332<ref>{{Cite news|title=Boğaziçi eylemlerinde 10 kişiye ev hapsi|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/bogazici-eylemlerinde-gozalti-sayisi-228e-yukseldi-1810822|date=|access-date=3 February 2021}}</ref>
| arrests = 2<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/disaridan-akpli-rektor-atanmasini-protesto-eden-ogrencilerden-kan-donduran-ifadeler-1804443 |title=Dışarıdan AKP’li rektör atanmasını protesto eden öğrencilerden kan donduran ifadeler |language=tr |access-date=18 January 2021 }}</ref>
}}
'''বোগাজিসি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় বিক্ষোভ ২০২১''' এর সুত্রপাত হয় ৪ জানুয়ারি 4 January against appointment of [[Melih Bulu]] by [[President of Turkey|President]] [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] as [[Rector (academia)|rector]] of [[Boğaziçi University]], which is one of the top academic institutions in [[Turkey]].
== Background ==
Melih Bulu, who has ties to the ruling [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|AKP]], was appointed as rector by presidential decree on 2 January 2021. According to faculty, Bulu was the first rector chosen outside the university since the [[1980 Turkish coup d'état|1980 coup d'état]].<ref name=":0" /> After the coup, [[Ergün Toğrol]], who was an [[academician]] in [[Istanbul Technical University]], had been appointed as the rector of Boğaziçi University.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=12 Eylül'den sonra ikinci|url=https://www.sozcu.com.tr/2021/yazarlar/ismail-saymaz/12-eylulden-sonra-ikinci-6200588/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-03|website=www.sozcu.com.tr}}</ref>
== Protests ==
Hundreds began protesting on 4 January following the appointment, chanting slogans such as "Melih Bulu is not our rector" and "we don't want a plagiarist rector". In a shared statement, faculty regarded the appointment as a violation of "academic freedom and scientific autonomy, as well as the democratic values" of the Boğaziçi.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Boğaziçi Üniversitesi'nde Melih Bulu protestosu: 'Kayyum istemiyoruz'|url=https://www.birgun.net/haber/bogazici-universitesi-nde-melih-bulu-protestosu-kayyum-istemiyoruz-329061|access-date=2021-01-05|website=birgun.net|language=Turkish}}</ref>
One of the university's buildings was sealed off by students who were able to enter the campus. Later, protesters clashed with the police as they tried to break a [[barricade]] in front of the entry to the university, causing security forces to use [[Pepper-spray projectile|pepper spray]] to disperse the demonstrators. Two students were detained in the course of protests.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|author=Reuters Staff|date=2021-01-04|title=Turkish police clash with students protesting Erdogan-appointed university head|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-security-bogazici-idUSKBN2991TT|access-date=2021-01-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Presse|first=AFP-Agence France|title=Hundreds Protest In Istanbul Against New University Rector|url=https://www.barrons.com/news/hundreds-protest-in-istanbul-against-new-university-rector-01609770907|access-date=2021-01-05|website=www.barrons.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Students in Turkey Protest Rector Tapped to Head University|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-01-04/students-protest-rector-tapped-to-head-istanbul-university|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}</ref> By January 6, 36 students were in detention.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Boğaziçi students in Kadıköy: 'Release our friends from detention'|url=https://bianet.org/english/education/237158-bogazici-students-in-kadikoy-release-our-friends-from-detention|access-date=2021-01-10|website=bianet.org|language=en}}</ref> Protests by students and faculty outside the rector's office have continued into February,<ref>{{Cite web|last=English|first=Duvar|date=2021-01-21|title=Boğaziçi University students hold Pride March on third week of protests against Erdoğan's rector|url=https://www.duvarenglish.com/bogazici-university-students-hold-pride-march-on-third-week-of-protests-against-erdogans-rector-gallery-55954|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-01-24|website=Duvar English|language=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Gall|first=Carlotta|date=2021-02-01|title=Prestigious Istanbul University Fights Erdogan’s Reach|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/01/world/asia/turkey-bogazici-university-protests-erdogan.html|access-date=2021-02-02|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> with many other Turkish universities and Boğaziçi alumni associations abroad joining in protest against the appointment.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Boğaziçi University starts resistance against government-appointed trustee rector '|url=https://dokuz8haber.net/english/life-society/bogazici-university-starts-resistance-against-government-appointed-trustee-rector/|access-date=2021-01-12|website=|language=en}}</ref>
As part of an art exhibition organized for the protest, an artwork on campus reportedly depicting the [[Kaaba]] alongside a LGBT flag and a figure of [[Shahmaran]] led to the arrest of four students, who were in the exhibition team.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2021-01-28|title=Campus Guards intervene with Boğaziçi University Resistance Exhibition|url=https://dokuz8haber.net/english/life-society/campus-guards-intervene-with-bogazici-university-resistance-exhibition/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128193150/https://dokuz8haber.net/english/life-society/campus-guards-intervene-with-bogazici-university-resistance-exhibition/|archive-date=28 January 2021|access-date=2021-01-29|website=dokuz8HABER|language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=TARGETED BY RECTOR, STATE OFFICIALS: Two Boğaziçi University students arrested, two placed under house arrest|url=https://www.bianet.org/english/lgbti/238446-two-bogazici-university-students-arrested-two-placed-under-house-arrest|access-date=2021-02-03|website=Bianet - Bagimsiz Iletisim Agi}}</ref> [[Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)|Turkish Ministry of Interior]] [[Süleyman Soylu]] referred to the arrested students as "four LGBT perverts", causing [[Twitter]] to later restrict his tweet.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Twitter’dan Süleyman Soylu’nun nefret söylemi içeren tweetlerine kısıtlama|url=https://www.birgun.net/haber/twitter-dan-suleyman-soylu-nun-nefret-soylemi-iceren-tweetlerine-kisitlama-332713|access-date=2021-02-02|website=birgun.net|language=Turkish}}</ref> After this event, Boğaziçi University LGBTI Studies Club was closed by order from Melih Bulu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ANNOUNCED BY PRESIDENTIAL COMMUNICATIONS DIRECTOR: Boğaziçi University’s LGBTI+ Studies Club closed by the appointed rector|url=https://www.bianet.org/english/lgbti/238535-bogazici-university-s-lgbti-studies-club-closed-by-the-appointed-rector|access-date=2021-02-04|website=Bianet - Bagimsiz Iletisim Agi}}</ref> Bulu defended and claimed himself as a LGBT rights advocate.<ref>{{Cite web|last=LGBTI+|first=Kaos GL-News Portal for|title=Bulu after shutting down the LGBTI+ Club: “I’m an LGBT rights advocate”|url=https://kaosgl.org/en/single-news/bulu-after-shutting-down-the-lgbti-club-i-m-an-lgbt-rights-advocate|access-date=2021-02-04|website=Kaos GL - News Portal for LGBTI+|language=en}}</ref>
On 1 February, police blocked the gate of the South Campus to prevent demonstration. [[Water cannon|Water cannons]], barricades and at least one sniper were installed.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-01|title=Çok sayıda Boğaziçi Üniversitesi öğrencisi gözaltına alındı!|url=https://jurnaltr.com/cok-sayida-bogazici-universitesi-ogrencisi-gozaltina-alindi/|access-date=2021-02-01|website=Jurnal Türkiye|language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Boğaziçi'nde yeni gözaltılar|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/bogazicinde-yeni-gozaltilar-1810566|access-date=2021-02-01|website=www.cumhuriyet.com.tr|language=tr}}</ref> Later that night, police stormed the campus and detained 159 students.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Boğaziçi Üniversitesi'ndeki gösterilerde 159 kişi gözaltına alındı|url=https://www.milliyet.com.tr/gundem/bogazici-universitesindeki-gosterilerde-159-kisi-gozaltina-alindi-6420719|access-date=2021-02-01|website=Milliyet|language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Güney Kampüs'e polis girdi, öğrencilere müdahale etti|language=tr|work=BBC News Türkçe|url=https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-turkiye-55883135|access-date=2021-02-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Boğaziçi Üniversitesi'ne polis girdi, rektör Bulu'yu protesto eden onlarca öğrenci gözaltına alındı!|url=https://t24.com.tr/haber/bogazici-universitesi-ne-polis-girdi-ogrenciler-eyleme-basladi,930403|access-date=2021-02-01|website=T24|language=Turkish}}</ref> Several protestors in [[İzmir]] and 69 in [[Ankara]] were also detained.<ref>{{Cite web|title=İzmir'de Boğaziçili öğrencilere destek eylemine polis müdahalesi; gözaltılar var|url=https://t24.com.tr/video/izmir-de-bogazicili-ogrencilere-destek-eylemine-polis-mudahalesi-gozaltilar-var,35947|access-date=2021-02-02|website=T24|language=Turkish}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Boğaziçi eylemlerinde gözaltı sayısı 228'e yükseldi: Öğrencilerin bir bölümü adliyeye sevk edildi|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/bogazici-eylemlerinde-gozalti-sayisi-228e-yukseldi-1810822|access-date=2021-02-02|website=www.cumhuriyet.com.tr|language=tr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Ankara'da Boğaziçi Üniversitesi ile dayanışma eylemine polis müdahalesi: Çok sayıda gözaltı var|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/ankarada-bogazici-universitesi-ile-dayanisma-eylemine-polis-mudahalesi-cok-sayida-gozalti-var-1810781|access-date=2021-02-02|website=www.cumhuriyet.com.tr|language=tr}}</ref> On February 2, Turkish police arrested and detained 104 near the University in [[Kadıköy]], and responded to demonstrators with [[tear gas]] and [[Rubber bullet|rubber bullets]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kadıköy'de biber gazlı, plastik mermili müdahale!|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/kadikoyde-biber-gazli-plastik-mermili-mudahale-1810842|access-date=2021-02-02|website=www.cumhuriyet.com.tr|language=tr}} </ref> Citizens of Istanbul banged pots and pans in many parts of the city to show their solidarity with the protest.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Istanbul: Festnahmen bei Studenten-Protesten|language=de|work=FAZ.NET|url=https://www.faz.net/1.7178730|access-date=2021-02-03|issn=0174-4909}}</ref> On 3 February, 50 people were detained in Izmir.<ref>{{cite web|title=İzmir'de çok sert müdahale: 50 kişi gözaltına alındı|periodical=|publisher=|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/izmirde-cok-sert-mudahale-cok-sayida-1811101|url-status=|format=|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|last=|date=|year=|language=tr|pages=|quote=}}</ref>
== Reactions ==
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said that "a routine appointment" was "being used to provoke the universities."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-55588367 |title=Boğaziçi protestoları: Erdoğan, Soylu ve Kaftancıoğlu, gösteriler ve suçlamalar için ne dedi? |work=BBC Turkish Service |language=tr |access-date=18 January 2021 }}</ref> He also named protestors as "terorists" and denounced LGBT youth.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-03|title=Erdogan slams LGBT, students after protests|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210203-erdogan-slams-lgbt-students-after-protests|access-date=2021-02-04|website=France 24|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-02-02|title=Turkey's Erdogan denounces LGBT youth as police arrest students|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-55901951|access-date=2021-02-04}}</ref> [[Nationalist Movement Party|MHP]] chairman [[Devlet Bahçeli]] stated in his written statement that the rector was appointed by legal means and the issue was closed. Bahçeli added that the protesters should not "strain their chances" and "not get caught up in anarchist projects", describing the protests "a conspiracy that needs to be crushed."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.birgun.net/haber/bahceli-bogazici-eylemlerini-hedef-aldi-basi-ezilmesi-gereken-bir-komplo-329323 |title=Bahçeli, Boğaziçi eylemlerini hedef aldı: Başı ezilmesi gereken bir komplo! |work=[[BirGün]] |language=tr |access-date=18 January 2021 }}</ref> Erdogan's Secretary of Interior Soylu stated that rector elections do not need to be democratic.<ref>{{Cite web|title=İçişleri Bakanı Süleyman Soylu canlı yayında soruları yanıtladı|url=https://www.konhaber.com/haber-icisleri_bakani_suleyman_soylu_canli_yayinda_sorulari_yanitladi_1-1538559.html|access-date=3 February 2021|language=tr|work=Konhaber}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Soylu konuşuyor: Rektör seçimlerinin illa çok demokratik mi olması gerekiyor?|url=https://ilerihaber.org/icerik/soylu-konusuyor-rektor-secimlerinin-illa-cok-demokratik-mi-olmasi-gerekiyor-122535.html|access-date=3 February 2021|language=tr|work=İleri Haber}}</ref>
The mayor of Istanbul, [[Ekrem İmamoğlu]] from the [[center-left]] main opposition party [[Republican People's Party (Turkey)|CHP]], supported the protests.<ref name="ekrem">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/ekrem-imamoglundan-bogazici-universitesi-ogrencilerine-destek-1803672|title=Ekrem İmamoğlu'ndan Boğaziçi Üniversitesi öğrencilerine destek|access-date=5 January 2021|language=tr|work=Cumhuriyet}}</ref> [[Canan Kaftancıoğlu]], the chairwoman of the CHP branch in İstanbul also spoke in solidarity with the protest and was named by Erdoğan "a terrorist of the [[Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front]]." This led to a criminal complaint against the president by Kaftancıoğlu.<ref name="Kaftancıoğlu">{{Cite web |url=https://nex24.news/2021/01/erdogan-zu-den-uni-demos-dahinter-stecken-terroristen/|title=Erdogan zu den Uni-Demos: „Dahinter stecken Terroristen“|access-date=13 January 2021|language=de|work=nex24}}</ref>
23 days after the nomination of Bulu, no academic from the university has agreed to assist Bulu as vice-rector.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gazetesi|first=Evrensel|title=Boğaziçi'nde akademisyenler Melih Bulu'nun yardımcılığını yapmayı kabul etmiyor|url=https://www.evrensel.net/haber/424243/bogazicinde-akademisyenler-melih-bulunun-yardimciligini-yapmayi-kabul-etmiyor|access-date=2021-01-24|website=Evrensel.net|language=tr-TR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=AKP'li Melih Bulu'nun atanmasından sonra kimse rektör yardımcılığı görevini kabul etmedi|url=https://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/haber/akpli-melih-bulunun-atanmasindan-sonra-kimse-rektor-yardimciligi-gorevini-kabul-etmedi-1808142|access-date=2021-01-24|website=www.cumhuriyet.com.tr|language=tr}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Gezi Park protests]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bogazici University protests, 2021}}
[[Category:Protests in Turkey]]
[[Category:2021 controversies]]
[[Category:2021 in Turkey]]
[[Category:2020s in Istanbul]]
[[Category:Academic controversies]]
[[Category:Boğaziçi University]]
[[Category:February 2021 events in Europe]]
[[Category:January 2021 events in Europe]]
[[Category:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan controversies]]
[[Category:Ongoing protests]]
=চিকিৎসক রোগীর সম্পর্ক=
==গুরুত্ব==
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