জর্জিয়ার (রাষ্ট্র) ভূগোল: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য

বিষয়বস্তু বিয়োগ হয়েছে বিষয়বস্তু যোগ হয়েছে
নতুন পৃষ্ঠা: {{কাজ চলছে/লক্ষ্য এবার লক্ষ}} {{Country geography |name = জর্জিয়া |map = Physical Map of Georgia (en).s...
(কোনও পার্থক্য নেই)

১২:৫৭, ১৯ ডিসেম্বর ২০২০ তারিখে সংশোধিত সংস্করণ

জর্জিয়া is a country in the Caucasus region. Situated at the juncture of Western Asia and Eastern Europe,[২] it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the east by Azerbaijan. Georgia covers an area of ৬৯,৭০০ বর্গকিলোমিটার (২৬,৯০০ মা).

জর্জিয়া ভূগোল
মহাদেশAsia / Europe
অঞ্চলCaucasus
স্থানাঙ্ক৪২°০০′ উত্তর ৪৩°৩০′ পূর্ব / ৪২.০০০° উত্তর ৪৩.৫০০° পূর্ব / 42.000; 43.500
আয়তন119
 • মোট৬৯,৭০০ কিমি (২৬,৯০০ মা)
 • স্থলভাগ100%
 • জলভাগ0%
উপকূলরেখা৩১০ কিমি (১৯০ মা)
সীমানা১,৮১৪ কিমি (১,১২৭ মা)
সর্বোচ্চ বিন্দুMount Shkhara ৫,২০১ মি (১৭,০৬৪ ফু)
সর্বনিম্ন বিন্দুBetween Poti and Kulevi, (-1.5-2.3 m)[১]
দীর্ঘতম নদীAlazani River ৪০৭ কিমি (২৫৩ মা)
বৃহত্তম হ্রদParavani Lake, ৩৭.৫ কিমি (১৪.৫ মা)
জলবায়ুTemperate to subtropical
ভূখণ্ডMountainous with a coastal plain
প্রাকৃতিক সম্পদtimber, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ore, copper, minor coal and petroleum deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth
প্রাকৃতিক বিপত্তিসমূহearthquakes
পরিবেশগত সমস্যাair and water pollution, soil pollution from toxic chemicals
এক্সক্লুসিভ অর্থনৈতিক অঞ্চল২১,৯৪৬ কিমি (৮,৪৭৩ মা)

Location

Georgia is located in the mountainous South Caucasus region of Eurasia, straddling Western Asia and Eastern Europe[২] between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Georgia's northern border with Russia roughly runs along the crest of the Greater Caucasus mountain range – a commonly reckoned boundary between Europe and Asia. In Philip Johan von Strahlenberg's 1730 definition of Europe, which was used by the Russian Tsars and which first set the Urals as the eastern border of the continent, the continental border was drawn from the Kuma-Manych Depression to the Caspian Sea, thereby including all of Georgia (and the whole of the Caucasus) in Asia.

Georgia's proximity to the bulk of Europe, combined with various historical, cultural and political factors, has led increasingly to the inclusion of Georgia in Europe. Some sources place the country in that region;[২] as well, Georgia has joined European organizations such as the Council of Europe, and is seeking membership in NATO and accession to the European Union. Georgia is on the same parallel as Naples, Madrid, Istanbul, New York, Chicago, London, Toronto (Canada), Omaha (USA), Eureka (USA), Odate (Japan), Shenyang (China) and Tirana.

Topography

 
Topography
 
Satellite image of Georgia in late spring

Despite its small area, Georgia has one of the most varied topographies of the former Soviet republics.[৩] Georgia lies mostly in the Caucasus Mountains, and its northern boundary is partly defined by the Greater Caucasus range.[৩] The Lesser Caucasus range, which runs parallel to the Turkish and Armenian borders, and the Surami and Imereti ranges, which connect the Greater Caucasus and the Lesser Caucasus, create natural barriers that are partly responsible for cultural and linguistic differences among regions.[৩] Because of their elevation and a poorly developed transportation infrastructure, many mountain villages are virtually isolated from the outside world during the winter.[৩] Earthquakes and landslides in mountainous areas present a significant threat to life and property.[৩] Among the most recent natural disasters were massive rock- and mudslides in Ajaria in 1989 that displaced thousands in southwestern Georgia, and two earthquakes in 1991 that destroyed several villages in northcentral Georgia and South Ossetia.[৩]

Georgia has about 25,000 rivers, many of which power small hydroelectric stations.[৩] Drainage is into the Black Sea to the west and through Azerbaijan to the Caspian Sea to the east.[৩] The largest river is the Kura River, which flows 1,364 km from northeast Turkey across the plains of eastern Georgia, through the capital, Tbilisi, and into the Caspian Sea.[৩] The Rioni River, the largest river in western Georgia, rises in the Greater Caucasus and empties into the Black Sea at the port of Poti.[৩] Soviet engineers turned the river lowlands along the Black Sea coast into prime subtropical agricultural land, embanked and straightened many stretches of river, and built an extensive system of canals.[৩] Deep mountain gorges form topographical belts within the Greater Caucasus.[৩]

See also

তথ্যসূত্র

  1. Geography of Georgia - 9th grade book; G. Chanturia, D. Kereselidze; p. 43
  2. Georgia may be considered to be in Asia and/or Europe. The UN classification of world regions places Georgia in Western Asia; the CIA World Factbook [১], National Geographic, and Encyclopædia Britannica also place Georgia in Asia. Conversely, numerous sources place Georgia in Europe such as the BBC [২], Oxford Reference Online [৩], Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, and www.worldatlas.com.
  3. Curtis, Glenn E. (১৯৯৫)। Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia : country studies (1st সংস্করণ)। Washington, D.C.: Federal Research Division। পৃষ্ঠা 175–177। আইএসবিএন 0-8444-0848-4ওসিএলসি 31709972.   এই উৎস থেকে এই নিবন্ধে লেখা অন্তর্ভুক্ত করা হয়েছে, যা পাবলিক ডোমেইনে রয়েছে। 

বহিঃসংযোগ

টেমপ্লেট:Georgia (country) topics টেমপ্লেট:Geography of Asia

টেমপ্লেট:Geography of Europe

bn:জর্জিয়া (রাষ্ট্র)#ভূগোল