ইউরোপিয়ান এভিয়েশন সেফটি এজেন্সি: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য

বিষয়বস্তু বিয়োগ হয়েছে বিষয়বস্তু যোগ হয়েছে
সম্পাদনা সারাংশ নেই
১৭ নং লাইন:
 
ব্রেক্সিটের ফলস্বরূপ, যুক্তরাজ্য ২০২০ এর শেষে ইউরোপিয়ান অ্যাভিশন সেফটি এজেন্সি ছাড়বে। <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-51783580|title=UK will leave EU aviation safety regulator|date=2020-03-07|work=BBC News|access-date=2020-07-22|language=en-GB}}</ref>
 
== সমালোচনা ==
২০১২ সালে, ইউরোপীয় আদালত নিরীক্ষক (ইসিএ) ভিত্তি স্থাপন করেছেন যে এজেন্সিটির স্বার্থ নীতি এবং পদ্ধতিগুলির কোনও এজেন্সি-নির্দিষ্ট বিরোধ নেই। ইএএসএ কর্মী, পরিচালন বোর্ড, আপিল বোর্ড এবং বিশেষজ্ঞদের জন্য আগ্রহের ঘোষণাগুলি অর্জন বা মূল্যায়ন করেনি। <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eca.europa.eu/Lists/ECADocuments/SR12_15/SR12_15_EN.PDF|title=Archived copy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160914224418/http://www.eca.europa.eu/Lists/ECADocuments/SR12_15/SR12_15_EN.PDF|archivedate=14 September 2016|url-status=live|accessdate=2016-08-30|df=dmy-all}}</ref> ইসিএ তার প্রতিবেদনে ঘোষণা করেছে:
{{quote|The worst performer among the four was the EASA, based in Cologne, which failed in all four areas that the report analyzed – on experts, staff, management board, and board of appeals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jdasolutions.aero/blog/ethics-criticism-by-eca-of-easa-should-be-quickly-addressed-to-restore-confidence-in-aviation-safety-agency%E2%80%99s-integrity/|title=ETHICS CRITICISM BY ECA OF EASA SHOULD BE QUICKLY ADDRESSED TO RESTORE CONFIDENCE IN AVIATION SAFETY AGENCY'S INTEGRITY {{!}} JDA Journal|website=jdasolutions.aero|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-26}}</ref>}}
It was recommended that the organization adopt its own ethical standards because the then-existing condition exposed the agency to a substantial crisis of credibility as well as the incidence of favoritism and conflict of interest. For member-countries and other stakeholders, fairness is of paramount importance. This is because the European Union has been increasingly strengthening EASA's role, giving the agency independence. A discussion regarding the permission for the agency to impose financial penalties for safety violations is also underway.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2015/565885/EPRS_ATA(2015)565885_EN.pdf|title=The European Aviation Safety Agency|last=|first=|date=July 2015|website=The European Parliament|access-date=May 26, 2018}}</ref>
 
== সদস্য রাষ্ট্রগুলো ==
In addition to the [[Member states of the European Union|member states]] of the union, the countries part of the [[European Free Trade Association]], i.e. [[Liechtenstein]], [[Norway]], [[Switzerland]], and [[Iceland]], have been granted participation under Article 129 of the Basic Regulation (Regulation 2018/1139) and are members of the management board without voting rights.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easa.europa.eu/links.php|title=Links to National Authorities|publisher=EASA|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516051656/http://easa.europa.eu/links.php|archivedate=16 May 2013|url-status=live|accessdate=2013-05-16|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
 
There are also numerous working relationships with other regional and international authorities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://easa.europa.eu/rulemaking/international-cooperation-working-arrangements.php|title=Working Relationships|publisher=EASA|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027204655/http://easa.europa.eu/rulemaking/international-cooperation-working-arrangements.php|archivedate=27 October 2012|url-status=live|accessdate=2013-05-16|df=dmy-all}}</ref> For example, EASA cooperates with most of the EU's [[Eastern Partnership]] member states through EASA's Pan-European Partners (PANEP) initiative in which countries such as [[Armenia]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.easa.europa.eu/easa-and-you/international-cooperation/easa-by-country/countries/armenia|title=Armenia|publisher=EASA|accessdate=2019-10-16}}</ref> [[Georgia(country)|Georgia]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.easa.europa.eu/easa-and-you/international-cooperation/easa-by-country/countries/georgia|title=Georgia|publisher=EASA|accessdate=2019-10-16}}</ref> [[Moldova]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.easa.europa.eu/easa-and-you/international-cooperation/easa-by-country/countries/moldova|title=Moldova|publisher=EASA|accessdate=2019-10-16}}</ref> and [[Ukraine]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.easa.europa.eu/easa-and-you/international-cooperation/easa-by-country/countries/ukraine|title=Ukraine|publisher=EASA|accessdate=2019-10-16}}</ref> cooperate on the implementation of EU aviation safety rules and comprehensive aviation agreements.
 
=== বার্ষিক সুরক্ষা পর্যালোচনা ===
The agency publishes an annual safety review<ref>{{cite web|url=http://easa.europa.eu/communications/general-publications.php|title=EASA Annual safety review|publisher=Easa.europa.eu|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730023855/http://www.easa.europa.eu/communications/general-publications.php|archivedate=30 July 2012|url-status=live|accessdate=2012-10-16|df=dmy-all}}</ref> with statistics on European and worldwide civil aviation safety. Some information derives from the [[International Civil Aviation Organization]] and the [[NLR Air Transport Safety Institute]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nlr-atsi.nl|title=NLR-ATSI Homepage|publisher=Nlr-atsi.nl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070308135957/http://www.nlr-atsi.nl/|archive-date=2007-03-08|url-status=dead|accessdate=2012-10-15}}</ref>
 
== শ্রেণিবিন্যাস ==
On 28 September 2003, the agency took over responsibility for the [[airworthiness]] and environmental certification of all aeronautical products, parts, and appliances designed, manufactured, maintained or used by persons under the regulatory oversight of EU Member States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/European_Aviation_Safety_Agency_(EASA)|title=European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)|last=|first=|date=10 November 2017|website=SKYbrary|access-date=}}</ref>
 
Certain categories of aeroplanes are however deliberately left outside EASA responsibility, thus remaining under control of the national CAAs: ultralights, experimentals, and balloons are a few examples. They are referred to as "Annex I" aeroplanes (formerly known as “Annex II“ aeroplanes), and are listed on the EASA website.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.easa.europa.eu%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdfu%2Fcertification-faq-docs-annex_II_01_Jan_2010.pdf|title=Archived copy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150824013240/http://easa.europa.eu/system/files/dfu/certification-faq-docs-annex_II_01_Jan_2010.pdf|archivedate=24 August 2015|url-status=dead|accessdate=2016-07-24|df=dmy}}</ref>
 
In July 2017, EASA and the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore entered into a working arrangement to recognize each other's certifications.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://atwonline.com/regulation/easa-and-singapore-partner-airworthiness-certification?eid=forward|title=Archived copy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310074027/http://atwonline.com/regulation/easa-and-singapore-partner-airworthiness-certification?eid=forward|archivedate=10 March 2018|url-status=live|accessdate=2017-07-24|df=dmy-all}} "Air Transport World Online article, July 18, 2017</ref>
 
=== বিমানের শ্রেণিবিন্যাস ===
সংস্থাটি বিভিন্ন শ্রেণীর বিমানকে সংজ্ঞায়িত করে, প্রত্যেকে প্রত্যয়ন ও রক্ষণাবেক্ষণ এবং মেরামতের জন্য নিজস্ব নিয়মকানুন দিয়ে। <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://easa.europa.eu/easa-and-you/general-aviation/operations-general-aviation|title=Operations in General Aviation {{!}} EASA|website=easa.europa.eu|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622043716/https://www.easa.europa.eu/easa-and-you/general-aviation/operations-general-aviation|archivedate=22 June 2016|url-status=live|access-date=2016-07-24|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
 
== তথ্যসূত্র ==