অ্যালবার্ট হ্রদ (আফ্রিকা): সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য

বিষয়বস্তু বিয়োগ হয়েছে বিষয়বস্তু যোগ হয়েছে
Jdebabrata (আলোচনা | অবদান)
সম্পাদনা সারাংশ নেই
Jdebabrata (আলোচনা | অবদান)
সম্পাদনা সারাংশ নেই
৫৫ নং লাইন:
 
Lake Albert has fewer [[Endemism|endemics]] than the other [[African Great Lakes]].<ref name=Witte2009>{{cite book| author1=Witte, F. | author2=M.J.P. van Oijen | author3=F.A. Sibbing | year=2009 | chapter=Fish Fauna of the Nile | pages=647–676 | editor=H.J. Dumont | title=The Nile | series=Monographiae Biologicae | volume=89 | publisher=Springer Science + Business Media B.V | isbn=978-1-4020-9725-6 }}</ref> Although the Albert Nile–the section of the Nile that leaves Lake Albert—has several rapids in the [[Nimule]] region,<ref name=Dumont2009>{{cite book| author=Dumont, H.J. | year=2009 | chapter=A Description of the Nile Basin, and a Synopsis of Its History, Ecology, Biogeography, Hydrology, and Natural Resources | pages=1–21 | editor=H.J. Dumont | title=The Nile | series=Monographiae Biologicae | volume=89 | publisher=Springer Science + Business Media B.V | isbn=978-1-4020-9725-6 }}</ref> these have not effectively isolated the lake from the main Nile sections.<ref name=Witte2009/> In contrast, Lake Edward (and ultimately [[Lake George (Uganda)|Lake George]]) is effectively isolated from Lake Albert by the rapids on the Semliki River, while [[Lake Kyoga]] (and ultimately Lake Victoria) is effectively isolated from Lake Albert by the [[Murchison Falls]] on the Victoria Nile.<ref name=Witte2009/><ref name=Dumont2009/> As a consequence, most of Lake Albert's fish are widespread riverine species also found in the main Nile sections. There are few [[haplochromine]] cichlids; a group that is very diverse in other Rift Valley lakes. Of the six haplochromines in Lake Albert, four are endemic (''[[Haplochromis albertianus]]'', ''[[Haplochromis avium|H. avium]]'', ''[[Haplochromis bullatus|H. bullatus]]'' and ''[[Haplochromis mahagiensis|H. mahagiensis]]'') and two are also found in the Nile (''[[Haplochromis loati|H. loati]]'' and ''[[Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor]]''). In comparison, most of the more than 60 haplochromines in Lake Edward–George and most of the roughly 600 haplochromines in Lake Victoria–Kyoga are endemic.<ref name=Witte2009/> The only other endemic fish species in Lake Albert are the small cyprinid ''Engraulicypris bredoi'' and the endangered Albert lates.<ref name=Witte2009/>
 
==History==
Lake Albert was previously known as “Mwitanzige” (locusts killer) by the [[Nyoro people|Banyoro]] and [[Toro people|Batooro]], as well as other peoples who have been populated the region for centuries before the colonial age. This was because of the ancient belief that locusts (locally called "enzige") perished in the lake as they tried to cross it. In 1864, the explorers [[Samuel Baker]] and [[Florence Baker|Flóra von Sass]] found the lake<ref>{{cite web |author=Dorothy Middleton |title=Baker [''née'' von Sass], Florence Barbara Maria, Lady Baker (1841–1916) |work=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/42346 |year=2004 |access-date=2015-09-11}}</ref> and renamed it after the recently deceased [[Albert, Prince Consort|Prince Albert]], consort of [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]]. In the 20th century, [[List of heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Zairian President]] [[Mobutu Sese Seko]] temporarily named the lake after himself.