ভারত মহাসাগর: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য

বিষয়বস্তু বিয়োগ হয়েছে বিষয়বস্তু যোগ হয়েছে
→‎সীমান্তবর্তী দেশ: বানান সংশোধন
ট্যাগ: মোবাইল সম্পাদনা মোবাইল ওয়েব সম্পাদনা
সম্পাদনা সারাংশ নেই
১ নং লাইন:
{{Infobox body of water
| name = ভারত মহাসাগর
| image = Blue Marble Eastern Hemisphere.jpg
| caption = ভারত মহাসাগরকে কেন্দ্র করে একটি সমন্বিত উপগ্রহ চিত্র
| image_bathymetry = Indian Ocean surface.jpg
| caption_bathymetry = ভারত মহাসাগরের সমুদ্র তলটি বিস্তৃত শৈলশিরা এবং ভূকম্পনঘটিত কাঠামো দ্বারা ছড়িয়ে ছিটিয়ে বিভক্ত হয়েছে
| location = [[ভারতীয় উপমহাদেশ]], [[দক্ষিণ-পূর্ব এশিয়া]], [[পশ্চিম এশিয়া]], [[আফ্রিকার অন্তরীপ]], [[পূর্ব আফ্রিকা]], [[দক্ষিণাঞ্চলীয় আফ্রিকা]] এবং [[অস্ট্রেলিয়া (মহাদেশ)|অস্ট্রেলিয়া]]
| coords = {{Coord|20|S|80|E|type:waterbody_scale:100000000|display=title,inline}}
| type = মহাসাগর
| width = {{Convert|7600|km|abbr=on}} (আফ্রিকা থেকে অস্ট্রেলিয়া)<ref name="Demo-etal-intro">{{Harvnb|Demopoulos|Smith|Tyler|2003|loc=Introduction, p. 219}}</ref>
| length = {{Convert|9600|km|abbr=on}} (অ্যান্টার্কটিকা থেকে বঙ্গোপসাগর)<ref name="Demo-etal-intro" />
| area = {{Convert|70560000|km2|abbr=on}}
| depth = {{Convert|3741|m|abbr=on}}
| max-depth = {{Convert|7258|m|abbr=on}}
| reference =<ref name="CIAWFB-2018">{{Harvnb|CIA World Fact Book 2018}}</ref>
| cities = [[ডারবান]], [[মুম্বই]], [[পার্থ]], [[কলম্বো]], [[পাডাং]], [[ম্যাপুটো]]
| shore = {{Convert|66526|km|abbr=on}}<ref name="KeeIrv-2005">{{Harvnb|Keesing|Irvine|2005|loc=Introduction, p. 11–12; Table 1, p.12}}</ref>
}}
[[চিত্র:Indianocean.PNG|thumb|right|300px|ভারত মহাসাগর]]
'''ভারত মহাসাগর''' হল বিশ্বের তৃতীয় বৃহত্তম [[মহাসাগর]]। [[পৃথিবী|পৃথিবীর]] মোট [[জল|জলভাগের]] ২০ শতাংশ এই মহাসাগর অধিকার করে আছে।<ref name="Rasul">{{বই উদ্ধৃতি|প্রথমাংশ=Rasul Bux Rais|শিরোনাম= The Indian Ocean and the Superpowers|প্রকাশক=Routledge|বছর=1986|আইএসবিএন=0709942419, 9780709942412|ইউআরএল=http://books.google.com/?id=2pMOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA33&dq=Indian+Ocean+20%25}}</ref> এই মহাসাগরের উত্তর সীমায় রয়েছে [[ভারতীয় উপমহাদেশ]]; পশ্চিমে রয়েছে [[পূর্ব আফ্রিকা]]; পূর্বে রয়েছে [[ইন্দোচীন]], [[সুন্দা দ্বীপপুঞ্জ]] ও [[অস্ট্রেলিয়া]]; এবং দক্ষিণে রয়েছে [[দক্ষিণ মহাসাগর]] (সংজ্ঞান্তরে [[অ্যান্টার্কটিকা]])। ভারত মহাসাগরই একমাত্র মহাসাগর যেটির নামকরণ কোনো দেশের (এক্ষেত্রে [[ভারত]]) নামানুসারে হয়েছে।<ref>[http://books.google.co.in/books?id=pTR2AAAAMAAJ Indo-American relations : foreign policy orientations and perspectives of P.V. Narasimha Rao and Bill Clinton] By Anand Mathur; Page 138 ''"India occupies the central position in the Indian- Ocean region that is why the
৬ ⟶ ২৪ নং লাইন:
 
ভারত মহাসাগরের ঘনত্ব ২৯২,১৩১,০০০ ঘন কিলোমিটার (৭০,০৮৬,০০০ ঘন মাইল)।<ref name="Bibliography">{{বই উদ্ধৃতি|শেষাংশ=Donald W. Gotthold|প্রথমাংশ=Julia J. Gotthold|শিরোনাম=Indian Ocean: Bibliography|প্রকাশক=Clio Press|বছর=1988|আইএসবিএন=1851090347|ইউআরএল=http://books.google.com/?id=ujoRAAAAYAAJ&q=292,131,000+cubic+kilometers&dq=292,131,000+cubic+kilometers}}</ref> মহাসাগরের মহাদেশীয় প্রান্তসীমায় অনেক ছোটো ছোটো দ্বীপ অবস্থিত। ভারত মহাসাগরে অবস্থিত [[দ্বীপরাষ্ট্র|দ্বীপরাষ্ট্রগুলি]] হল [[মাদাগাস্কার]] (বিশ্বের চতুর্থ বৃহত্তম দ্বীপ), [[রিইউনিয়ন দ্বীপ]], [[কোমোরোস]], [[সেশেল]], [[মালদ্বীপ]], [[মরিশাস]] ও [[শ্রীলঙ্কা]]। [[ইন্দোনেশিয়া]] দ্বীপপুঞ্জ এই মহাদেশের পূর্ব সীমায় অবস্থিত।
 
 
== ব্যুৎপত্তি ==
 
 
কমপক্ষে ১৫১৫ সাল থেকে ভারত মহাসাগরের নামকরণ করা হয়েছে ভারত নাম থেকে (''ওশেনাস ওরিয়েন্টালস ইনডিকাস'')। ভারত, তখন, "সিন্ধু নদীর অঞ্চল" এর গ্রীক / রোমান নাম।<ref name=HarperIndianOcean>{{cite web |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/Indian%20Ocean |title=Indian Ocean |last=Harper |first=Douglas |website=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]] |accessdate=18 January 2011}}; {{cite web |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/India |title=India |last=Harper |first=Douglas |website=Online Etymology Dictionary |accessdate=8 July 2018}}</ref>
 
প্রাচীন ভারতীয়রা একে সিন্ধু মহাসাগর বা সিন্ধুর বিশাল সমুদ্র বলে ডাকত, এই মহাসাগরকে বিভিন্ন ভাষায় হিন্দু মহাসাগর, ভারতীয় মহাসাগর ইত্যাদি বলা হত। আগে ভারত মহাসাগর 'পূর্ব মহাসাগর' নামেও পরিচিত ছিল, ১৮শ শতাব্দীর মাঝামাঝি সময়ে এই শব্দটি ব্যবহৃত হত।<ref name=HarperIndianOcean />
বিপরীতভাবে, যখন ১৫শ শতাব্দীতে [[মিং সম্পদ অন্বেষণে সমুদ্র ভ্রমণ| চীন ভারত মহাসাগরে অন্বেষণ]] করছিল, তারা এটিকে "পশ্চিম মহাসাগর" বলে অভিহিত করেছিল।<ref>{{Harvnb|Hui|2010|loc=Abstract}}</ref>
 
[[প্রাচীন গ্রীক ভূগোল]] অনুযায়ী গ্রীকরা ভারত মহাসাগর অঞ্চলটিকে [[এরিথ্রিয়ান সাগর]] বলে জানত।<ref name="Periplus">{{Cite book
| author = Anonymous | translator-last = Schoff | translator-first = Wilfred Harvey
| title = Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
| year = 1912| title-link = s:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea }}</ref>
 
"ভারত মহাসাগর বিশ্ব" এর তুলনামূলকভাবে নতুন ধারণা অনুযায়ী এবং এর ইতিহাস পুনরায় লেখার চেষ্টার ফলস্বরূপ নতুন নামের প্রস্তাব হয়েছে, যেমন 'এশিয়ান সাগর' এবং 'আফরাশিয়ান সাগর'।<ref name="Prange-2008-p1382">{{Harvnb|Prange|2008|loc=Fluid Borders: Encompassing the Ocean, pp. 1382–1385}}</ref>
 
==অবস্থান==
৬৯ ⟶ ১০৩ নং লাইন:
এই দেশগুলির মাঝে দ্বীপ দেশ হচ্ছে শ্রীলংকা, মালদ্বীপ, বাহরাইন, কমোরোস, মাদাগাস্কার, মরিশাস ও সেশেল।
 
== আরো দেখুন ==
== পাদটীকা ==
{{Portal|Environment|Ecology|Geography|Weather}}
{{সূত্র তালিকা|30em}}
* [[List of islands in the Indian Ocean]]
* [[List of ports and harbours of the Indian Ocean]]
* [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Indian Ocean]]
* [[Indian Ocean literature]]
* [[Indian Ocean Research Group]]
* [[Indian Ocean Naval Symposium]]
* [[Indian Ocean in World War II]]
 
== তথ্যসূত্র ==
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{{Reflist|30em}}
 
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| title = Coral reef degradation in the Indian Ocean: status report 2005
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| url = https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/so/so-nbsap-01-en.pdf | access-date = 18 August 2019
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{{Refend}}
 
== বহিঃসংযোগ ==
{{Wiktionary}}
{{Wiktionary|ভারত মহাসাগর|ভারত মহাসাগর}}
{{commons+cat|Indian Ocean|ভারত মহাসাগরIndian_Ocean}}
* {{Cite web
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111224071631/http://dapper.pmel.noaa.gov/dchart/index.html?map=-11.25,73.125&z=2 NOAA In-situ Ocean Data Viewer] Plot and download ocean observations
* | [http://www.indianoceanhistory.orgtitle = The Indian Ocean in World History: Educational| Website]publisher Interactive resource from the= [[Sultan Qaboos Cultural Center]] | format = Flash
| url = http://www.indianoceanhistory.org/ | accessdate = 25 July 2015}}
* [http://www.rttp-io.org/en/ The Regional Tuna Tagging Project-Indian Ocean with details of the importance of Tuna in the Indian Ocean..]
* {{Cite web
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111112134042/http://www.alphavilla.co.uk/mauritius_map_indian_ocean.html Detailed maps of the Indian Ocean]
* | [https://web.archive.org/web/20110925023358/http://www.bu.edu/africa/outreach/materials/handouts/indian.htmltitle = The Indian Ocean Trade: A Classroom Simulation]
| publisher = African Studies Center, Boston University
| url = http://www.bu.edu/africa/files/2011/11/Indian-Ocean-Trade.pdf | accessdate = 25 July 2015}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Indian Ocean|short=x}}
 
{{Countries and territories bordering the Indian Ocean}}
{{Regions of the world}}
{{Waters of South Asia}}
{{Ocean}}
 
{{Authority control}}
{{coor title d|20|S|80|E|type:waterbody_scale:100000000}}
----
{{Five oceans}}
{{দক্ষিণ এশিয়ার জলভাগ}}
 
[[বিষয়শ্রেণী:ভারত মহাসাগর]]
[[বিষয়শ্রেণী:মহাসাগর]]
[[বিষয়শ্রেণী:পূর্ব আফ্রিকা]]
[[বিষয়শ্রেণী:দক্ষিণ এশিয়া]]
[[বিষয়শ্রেণী:পশ্চিম এশিয়া]]