মানি ধর্ম: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য

 

==ইতিহাস==

===মানির জীবনী===

মানি জন্মসূত্রে পারস্যের নাগরিক ছিলেন।<ref>1) Mary Boyce, "Zoroastrians: their religious beliefs and practices", Routledge, 2001. pg 111: "He was Iranian, of noble Parthian blood..." 2) Warwick Ball, "Rome in the East: the transformation of an empire ", Routledge, 2001. pg 437: "Manichaeism was a syncretic religion, proclaimed by the Iranian Prophet Mani.. 3) Sundermann, Werner, "Mani, the founder of the religion of Manicheism in the 3rd century AD", Encyclopaeia Iranica, 2009. Sundermann [http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/mani-founder-manicheism summarizes the available sources] thus: ''"According to the Fehrest, Mani was of Arsacid stock on both his father’s and his mother’s sides, at least if the readings al-ḥaskāniya (Mani’s father) and al-asʿāniya (Mani’s mother) are corrected to al-aškāniya and al-ašḡāniya (ed. Flügel, 1862, p. 49, ll. 2 and 3) respectively. The forefathers of Mani’s father are said to have been from Hamadan and so perhaps of Iranian origin (ed. Flügel, 1862, p. 49, 5–6). The Chinese Compendium, which makes the father a local king, maintains that his mother was from the house Jinsajian, explained by Henning as the Armenian Arsacid family of Kamsarakan (Henning, 1943, p. 52, n. 4 = 1977, II, p. 115). Is that fact, or fiction, or both? The historicity of this tradition is assumed by most, but the possibility that Mani’s noble Arsacid background is legendary cannot be ruled out (cf. Scheftelowitz, 1933, pp. 403–4). In any case, it is characteristic that Mani took pride in his origin from time-honored Babel, but never claimed affiliation to the Iranian upper class."''</ref> তিনি ২১৬ খ্রিস্টাব্দে পারস্যের শাসনাধীন<ref name="Coyle2009">{{cite book|author=John Kevin Coyle|title=Manichaeism and Its Legacy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wnFz3tI0qOwC&pg=PR13|accessdate=27 August 2012|date=15 September 2009|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-17574-7|pages=13–}}</ref> [[মেসোপটেমিয়া]] (বর্তমান ইরাক) তে জন্মগ্রহন করেন। মানি ৭ টি গ্রন্থ রচনা করেন। এর মধ্যে ছয়টি সিরীয় আরামীয় ভাষায় লিখিত। সপ্তম গ্রন্থ '''সবুরাগান''' মধ্য পারস্যীয় ভাষায় লেখা।<ref name="Shabuhragan">Middle Persian Sources: D. N. MacKenzie, ''Mani’s Šābuhragān'', pt. 1 (text and translation), BSOAS 42/3, 1979, pp. 500–34, pt. 2 (glossary and plates), BSOAS 43/2, 1980, pp. 288–310.</ref>